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🎲5e - Proficiency🎲
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Every creature has a proficiency bonus determined by its level (for PCs) or its challenge rating (for monsters and most NPCs). The bonus is used for ability checks, saving throws, and attack rolls when a creature has a relevant proficiency.
When applicable, you add your proficiency bonus to a d20 roll. If two different rules say you can add your proficiency bonus to a roll, you still only add the bonus once.
Some rules might modify your proficiency bonus before it is applied to a roll; for example, a bard’s Jack-of-All-Trades feature halves the proficiency bonus before it is applied to ability checks where the bard wouldn’t usually add the proficiency bonus at all. If multiple rules modify the proficiency bonus in the same way, you still only modify it that way once.
Proficiency Bonus by Level
| Character Level | Proficiency Bonus |
|---|---|
| 1st | +2 |
| 5th | +3 |
| 9th | +4 |
| 13th | +5 |
| 17th | +6 |
Expertise or Modifiers?
When the player knows about the factors which affect their action, these usually take the form of expertise dice or —less commonly—advantage or disadvantage. Expertise dice represent training and other details, and the character taking the action is fully aware of these effects.
Sometimes the Game Master knows about things which affect the difficulty of a task which the player is not aware of. In these situations the Game Master secretly applies modifiers to the DC of the ability check.
Some class features or traits grant you an expertise die for an attack roll or saving throw, or in a specific skill or tool proficiency. When you make a d20 roll with which you have gained an expertise die, roll 1d4 and add the number rolled to the result of your check.
You can never roll more than one expertise die on the same roll. If another class feature or situation grants an expertise die of any size that applies to the same roll, you don’t gain another die; instead, the size of the largest expertise die increases by one step for that check, from 1d4 to 1d6, or 1d6 to 1d8. For example, if you have gained two expertise dice, a 1d6 and 1d6, you now have a 1d8 expertise die.
If you have a 1d8 expertise die on a check, further expertise dice have no effect. If you have advantage or disadvantage at the same time as an expertise die, only the d20 is rolled twice, not the expertise die.